What happens on a pregnant woman’s plate not only affects the present, but also the future of the child: from genetic formation to the immune and metabolic system
Nutrition during pregnancy is much more than a question of temporary well-being. Research shows that what a mother consumes during pregnancy can shape the baby’s genetics and impact her health throughout her life.
A study published in the scientific journal Genome biology revealed that an unbalanced diet during pregnancy can cause permanent changes in fetal DNA, affecting the function of genes linked to immune protection. In other words, the mother’s menu can “turn on” or “turn off” genes important for the baby’s development and immunity.
How maternal nutrition affects the baby’s DNA
DNA carries the genetic instructions that determine the functioning of each cell in the body. In order for this information to be expressed correctly, the body needs nutrients. And this is where the pregnant woman’s diet comes into play.
Vitamins, minerals and antioxidants play an essential role in protecting genetic material and maintaining the health of chromosomes. Folic acid, for example, is one of the most important nutrients in this process. Present in dark green leaves (such as spinach, cabbage and broccoli) and legumes (such as beans and chickpeas), it is essential for the formation of the child’s neural tube, the structure that will give rise to the brain and spinal cord. Deficiency of this vitamin can increase the risk of congenital and genetic malformations.
What to include in the menu of a pregnant woman
A balanced, colorful and varied diet is the basis for a healthy pregnancy. Check out some food groups you shouldn’t miss:
- Lean Protein: fish, chicken and eggs are essential for the growth of the child and help prevent premature births;
- Dark green leaves: rich in B vitamins, they contribute to brain and nervous development;
- Fresh fruit: natural sources of antioxidants, strengthen immunity and protect DNA from oxidative damage;
- Omega-3: present in salmon, sardines, chia and flax seeds, it helps in the formation of the brain and retina;
- Vitamin D: present in eggs, fish and mushrooms, it promotes the strengthening of bones;
- Vitamin C: Fruits such as acerola, orange and kiwi improve iron absorption and help prevent anemia.
What should be avoided during pregnancy
During pregnancy, some foods can compromise nutritional balance and even affect the development of the fetus. Among these are:
- Refined sugar and white flour: in excess they compromise the absorption of nutrients and increase the risk of gestational diabetes;
- Artificial sweeteners (such as cyclamate, saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose): they should be avoided, as they can interfere with metabolic regulation;
- Trans fats: common in ultra-processed and fried foods, they increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases;
- Sausages and smoked meats: contain chemicals that may be harmful to the baby;
- Industrialized products: Rich in preservatives, dyes and sodium, they can increase inflammation and affect the immune system.
Studies show that children exposed to diets high in sugar, fat and ultra-processed foods during pregnancy are more likely to develop obesity, diabetes and heart disease in adulthood.
Taking care of your diet during pregnancy is a gesture of love that lasts beyond nine months. Every balanced meal represents an investment in the physical and genetic health of the child, helping to build a healthier future from the beginning of life.
Source: Terra

Ben Stock is a lifestyle journalist and author at Gossipify. He writes about topics such as health, wellness, travel, food and home decor. He provides practical advice and inspiration to improve well-being, keeps readers up to date with latest lifestyle news and trends, known for his engaging writing style, in-depth analysis and unique perspectives.