Quasiparticles are a particle physics phenomenon that would be useful for advanced scientific studies in several industries, including chip manufacturing.
A study published in the journal Photonics of nature demonstrated how the complex and little-explored physics of quasiparticles could be applied to various technologies. According to the authors, it would be useful in the production of computer chips and in science in other areas.
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Quasiparticles are not exactly a type of particle that we could include in the Standard model – that’s why they are not listed there. They are, in fact, a phenomenon that occurs when particles such as electrons behave differently, presenting a different mass and traveling at previously impossible speeds.
Due to these characteristics they are also called fictitious particles and can present themselves in two ways: when they behave like fermions (a family of particles such as protons, quarks, electrons and neutrinos) they are called quasiparticles; when they behave like bosonic particles (photon, gluon and Higgs boson), are called collective excitations. Despite these distinctions, in practice both deal with the same phenomenon.
An example of the occurrence of quasiparticles is when many free electrons move synchronously in particle accelerators. In this state, the whole can move in ways that would be prohibited for individual electrons, according to the laws of physics that govern the universe.
Among the new capabilities acquired by the set of electrons are travel above the light speed, but we know that this is impossible and is also a behavior that could deceive the unaware. It is in fact an imitation of the radiation emitted by particles moving faster than light. It is worth remembering that this happens in a medium other than a vacuum, since the speed of light in a vacuum is not reachable by particles other than photons.
Using advanced computational simulations on supercomputers, the new team analyzed these extraordinary properties and found some useful applications for quasiparticles, including chip manufacturing and studies of viruses, photosynthesis and star chemistry.
According to the authors, quasiparticles are useful because they can be produced in plasma beams in small particle accelerators, unlike ones like Large Hadron Collider (HLC), of the European Organization for Nuclear Research. Therefore, the extreme light produced by quasiparticles can be used to replace the lights of large accelerators, but in a much smaller structure.
Source: Photonics of nature, University of Rochester
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Source: Terra
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