Swimmer’s ear – what is it?

The otolaryngologist highlights the main risk factors and gives advice on how to prevent infection

Have you ever heard of swimmer’s ear? It is an ear canal infection that can be caused by bacteria or fungi. Although it is more common in children, it can affect people of all ages. It is also commonly called otitis externa, due to the accumulation of contaminated water in the ear. However, it can also be caused by external injury, such as the use of cotton swabs. In this way, in addition to ear pain, it can cause discharge and even evolve into more serious cases if there is no adequate treatment. Therefore, thinking of addressing the subject better, Dr. Alexandre Sgavioli, otolaryngologist, explains how to treat the infection and offers advice to avoid it. Want to know more? So, read on!

What are the main causes?

As you have seen, swimmer’s ear infection is mainly caused by the accumulation of water in the ear canal – hence the name – or by lesions in the region of the ear. According to Dr. Alexandre Sgavioli, some of the main reasons are:

• excess moisture in the ear, such as sweating, humid weather, and accumulation of water in the ear;
• scratches or abrasions in the ear canal;
• sensitivity to products such as shampoo or soap.

This scenario allows microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, to enter and cause infection. This is because frequent contact with water can facilitate the removal of earwax, which is a protection for the ears.

“The external ear canals have natural defenses that help keep them clear and prevent infection”explains the otolaryngologist.

One of the main characteristics of this protection are its glands that secrete a waxy substance. These, in turn, are responsible for forming a barrier that repels dirt, dead cells and other organisms. Additionally, there is also a slope in the ear canal. It exists to facilitate this process of “draining” water. Thus, an infection in the region indicates that the defenses are not working as they should. However, Dr. Alexandre also points out that there are some factors that can increase your risk of getting infected, such as:

• bathe in places without the necessary hygiene;
• a small ear canal, which can facilitate the accumulation of water;
• use of cotton swabs, fingers or other objects that can injure the ear.
• constant use of headphones, earplugs and other devices;
• chronic dermatitis.

Allergy to products such as sunscreen, earrings, etc. it can also make the ear area more susceptible to infection.

What are the symptoms?

Otitis externa is more common in children, especially between the ages of 7 and 12. However, this infection can also affect adults. In this way, according to Dr. Alexandre Sgavioli, the most common symptoms can include:

• pain or tenderness (in one or both ears);
• muffled hearing;
• ear blockage;
• secretion from the region;
• constant buzz;
• itching (itching) in the ear.

Also, in some more severe cases, fever is common. It is also possible that there is temporary or partial hearing loss. Therefore, when symptoms like these occur, the recommendation is to seek an otolaryngologist as soon as possible. He will be responsible for diagnosing and initiating treatment.

How to treat swimmer’s ear?

The first step in curing the infection is to seek medical help. Otitis externa is often treated by an otolaryngologist, as you have seen. Treatment is usually done with ear drops that contain antibiotics. The goal is to inhibit bacterial growth.

“If the infection in children is more severe, the doctor may also prescribe an oral antibiotic”, emphasizes Dr. Alexander

In the simplest cases, the infection should begin to clear up within two to three days. Treatment usually lasts up to a week. Also, using products like warm compresses on the spot can help ease the situation. However, if left untreated, swimmer’s ear can develop into more severe cases. One of the most common situations, for example, is that it becomes a chronic complication. Another risk situation, deriving from otitis externa, are more serious skin infections – such as cellulitis. It is also possible to evolve into a bone or cartilage lesion. Therefore, it is essential to seek expert follow-up.

*Dr Alexandre Sgavioli Otolaryngologist of the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Already starred in the program Health in sport of the city of São Paulo and at the São Paulo Boxing Federation (FEBESP).

Source: Terra

Ben

Ben Stock is a lifestyle journalist and author at Gossipify. He writes about topics such as health, wellness, travel, food and home decor. He provides practical advice and inspiration to improve well-being, keeps readers up to date with latest lifestyle news and trends, known for his engaging writing style, in-depth analysis and unique perspectives.